Gingiva problems reveal themselves with color, form and structural change of gingiva.
Gingival phenotype and Abnormal color
Thickness and structure of gingiva is called phenotype. Thin phenotypes are more prone to gingival recessions. Recessions are faster in this type of gingiva.
Characterized with bleeding of gingiva, changing its’ color to red, loss of rete pegs, softening of its’ consistency, disruption of knife edge and lace form.
There are muscle attachments extended from lip and cheek region to gingiva and they are called frenulum. Sometimes those attachments may have a higher position or may be thicker than normal.
Gingiva is positioned on enamel cement junction of teeth in healthy individuals. If it is 2 mm higher than this region it is accepted as normal but positions higher than 2 mm is called excess gingiva or gingiva expansion.